Rotary straight-hole bit



" Aug. 1s, 1925.A

G. D. WATSON ROTARY STRAIGHT HOLE BIT Filedmay 1v, 1924 Patented Aug. 1 8, 1925.

, y lemas) UNITED, STATES ;PATENTjoFFIcE.

amer: n. wA'rsoN, or `T'oaaaNcrz, CALIFORNIA, AssIeNoa -:ro UNION Toor. comr-A IANr, or roaaANcE, CALIFORNIA, AjconronArroN or cALIFonNIA.

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Application tiled Iay 17, 1924. Serial No. 714,016. v

To `all Lw/wm t may concern."l v

Be it known that I', GEORGE D. WATSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Torrance, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Rotary Straight-Hole Bit, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to drilling bits of the type used in drilling deep wells such as oil wells.

In drilling with fish-tail bits, where the cutting end of the drill is encountering hard material which isv not of suiiicient extent to be engaged by the entire lower end of the bit there is a tendency for the hard material to cause the bit to lean over or become inclined in the earth. This is objectionable and may produce an irregular or crooked hole. In

drilling with ordinary {ish-tail bits it also happensl that they may twist of due to the fact that the cross sectionfof the metal onA the blade of the bit is notsuliiciently large. Furthermore, thewater holes in a fish-tail bit deliver the water on each side and in, a direction to strike the side of the hole; this tends to scour oli' the sides of the hole andis water to the cutting point in such a way asto revent its scoirring the side of the hole. c IPurther objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the novel parts and combination of prouce an eiiicient rotary straighthole bit. In the drawings: Fi re 1 is a front elevation of abit embodying my invention. D

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the bit shown in Fig. 1. Figure 3 is a vertical section through the bit rejected on the same plane as in Fig. 2.

igure 4 is an end view of the bit.

parts to be described l hereinafter, all of whlch contribute to Figure 5 is a v erspective, broken away, and illustrating t e preferred form of thev lower end of the bit, on reduced scale.

The bit constructed in accordance with my invention is provided vwith means such as a tapered pin l for securing it to the lower end of the tool strin The body 2 of the bit has a substantially flat face?) which lies about inthe dlametral plane which coincides with the vertical axis of the bit, and coincident with the vertical axis Vof the pin l. L This face 3, however, is preferably not exactly in fthe diametral plane but is slightly to one side of the same,'see Figure i 3, in which the line 4 indicates the position ,of the diametral plane of the tool. The

iatf face 3 of the tool is preferably of substantially rectangular form, that isto say, the s1de edges 5 of this face are substantially parallel with the axis'of the tool.

The lower end of the tool is formed with a. cutting point 6 which ma be of any deslred shape.. The body of t e tool presentsl a smooth convex rear face 7 which is preferably of cylindrical form, so that the cross section of the body of the tool is substantially semi-circular or what is known popularly as half-round form.

The upper end of the bodyy 2 is formed 'face 3 of the bit. The radius of this boss 8 is, of course, considerably less than the distance from the axis of the bit to the convex face 7, so that a semi-annular shoulder 9 is formed at the upper end of the bit `andaround its rear side.

In order to supply water to the cuttin l point of the tool. during rotation, I provide a water duct 10 which passes down along the axis of the bit and pin 1, and the lower end of. this water'duct emerges at an orice 11 at the upper portion of the 'face-3,` fronr which the water is directed vertically downward, and not in an inclined direction as it usually is in a fish-tail bit. In order to facilitate the delivery of water to the cutting point 6 I provide the face 3 with a oove y12 which extends down from the ori ce 11 and which operates asa vertical continuation of the water duct 10. As

` viewed on the forward face 3,` this groove tapers in a downward direction and terminates at a point 13 suiliciently near the cutting point 6 to insure delivery of water to it. The side ed es of the tool may be 5 dressed or shaped for cutting as may be desired, or if desired the bit may be dressed and iinished in the manner of a diamond point bit for drilling out cement.

At its lower portion the boss 8 presents a 10 curved shoulder 14 which operates to guide the muck and dirt up past the projecting portion of the boss which overhangs the iiatl face '3. n The lowerend of the bit at the cutting point 6 is flared, that is to say, as viewed from the front as in Fig. 1, the point 6 projects sli htly laterally, and downwardly, and curves orwardly with respect to the direction of rotation of the bit indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1. The preferred shape of the lower end of the bit is illustrated in Fig. 4. The side of the tool is cut away opposite the cutting point by forming a deep notch (ib extending laterally from the central axis of the tool. l

It will be evident that as rotation of the bit takes place, the radius to the point 6, (see Fig. 4) will determine the diameter of the hole which is being produced by the bit,

"'30 and as the bit movesdown through the i 60 through earth the hole formed will rovide clearance for the body of the bit, which will maintain the convex face 7 against the side of the hole; in this way the hole operates to guide the bit as it advances. `Inother words;` the bore of the well cooperating with the con'- vex or cylindrical face 7, o erates to prevent any tilting or cooking o .thelbit as it advances, and likewise will prevent cocking .40 of the b it if it should twist oif. y

In using theterm/iatl to describe the face of the bit, I mean simply that the face is a depressed face and is relatively fiat; 1n other words this face is produced by side. l I

n is understood that the embodiment of the inventionl described herein is only one of the many embodiments this invention inay take and I do not wishI to be limited in the practiceof m invention, nor in my claims, to the particular embodiment set forth. Y,

'IelaimiVx \1.` A rotar straight hole bit having an elongated bo y with a pin at its upper end for securin it to the lower end of the toolstrin sai face yin 45 cutting away the body of the tool on oney nearthe diametral plane passing ing a cutting point at its lower. end operat- Aing during the rotation of the tool to determine the diameter of the bore formed by the tool, said bit having a smooth convex rear 05 :face which maintains contact with the side per portion of the said su stantially flat body having a 7depressed side t ye vertical axis of the bit and havh of the bore and is guided by the bore as the bit advances.

2. A rotar straight hole bit having an 7elongated bo y with a pin at its up er end for securin it to the lower end of t e -tool- W striii sai bodyhaving a depressed side face lying near the diametral plane passin through the vertical axis of the bit, an having a flared cutting point at its lower end v operating during the rotation of the tool to if@ determine the diameter of the bore formed by the tool, said bit having a convex rear face which maintains contact with the side face of the bore and is guided by the bore as the bit advances, the up er end of said bit having a substantially circular boss carrying said pinand extending at its lower end down and over the said Hat face. 3. A rotary straight hole bit having an elongated body with a pin at its upper end for securing it to the lower end of the toolstring, said body having a-substantially flat depressed side face lying near the diametral plane passing through the vertical axis of the bit, and having la cutting point at its lower end, said bit having a smooth convex rear face which maintains contact with the side of the bore formed by the bit and. ided4 by the bore as the bit advances, sai pin having `a water duct passing substantially vertically through the same and emerging groin the bit on the said substantially ilat ace.

4. A rota straight hole bit having an elongated bo y with a pin at its up r end for securing it to theI lower end 0f t e toolstring, said body having a-de ressed side face lying near the diametral p ane passing through the vertical axis of the bit, and having a flared cutting point at its lower end'm operating during the rotation of the tool to determine the diameter of the bore formed by the tool, said bit having a convex rear face which maintains contact with the side of thel bore and is am guided by *the borey as the bit advances, and also having a water duct 'passing substantially (vertiall down through the pin on the axis thereo einer 'ng at the upface, said depressed face havin a groove cut thereon extending downwar ly from the pointof emergence of the duct.

5. A rotary straight hole bit having an elongated body with a pin at its upper end 12@ for securing it 'gto the lower end of the toolstring, said body havinga substantially flat face lying near the y"diametral plane pass-l ing through the vert-ical axis of the bit, and

aving a flared cutting point at its lower E25 end, said bit having a convex rear faceA which maintains contact with the'side of the bore formed by the bit and guided by the bore as the bit advances, said bit having a boss of substantially circular .form carrying u the pin and coaxial with 'the pin, said` boss' extending;A down and projecting over the up- 'per portion of the. said substantially iiat face, said pin and said boss havin 'a water duct passing substantially vertice ly therethrough vand einer 'ng at the lower end of the boss and on t e said substantially'at face, the said flat face having a groove cut therein extending downwardly from the point of emergence of the duct and operating as a continuation of the water duct to gulde the water down along the said flat face to the cutting oint. y

6'. A rota straight, hole bit having an. elongated bo y with means at its upper end for securing it to the lower end of the-tool string, said body having la de ressedvside face lyin near the diametral p ane passing through t e vertical axis of the bit, and having a cutting point at its lower end operat- `as the bit advances.

Signed at Torrance, Calif., this 6th day of May, 1924.

' GEORGE D. WATSON. 

